The world population is increasing day by day and expected to reach 9.7 billion by 2050.


Agriculture has a key role to play in feeding this growing population but agriculture must adapt


the climate change and help mitigate climate impacts. 570 million farms around the world are


facing the threat of climate change ahead on and yet we demanding more from agriculture than


ever before, more food for growing population and better incomes for those working across the


food chain and the careful management about planet soils and water resources. Agriculture must


therefore transform itself if it is to feed a growing global population and provide the basis for


economic growth and poverty reduction. Climate change will make this task more difficult under


a business-as- usual scenario, due to adverse impacts on agriculture, requiring spiraling


adaptation and related costs.


To achieve food security and agricultural development goals, adaptation to climate change and


lower emission intensities per output will be necessary. This transformation must be


accomplished without depletion of the natural resources. Climate change is already having an


impact on agriculture and food security as a result of increased prevalence of extreme events and


increased unpredictability of weather patterns. This can lead to reductions in production and


lower incomes in vulnerable areas. These changes can also affect global food prices. Developing


countries and smallholder farmers and pastoralists in particular are being especially hard hit by


these changes. Many of these small-scale producers are already coping with a degraded natural


resource base. They often lack knowledge about potential options for adapting their production


systems and have limited assets and risk-taking capacity to access and use technologies and


financial services. This is no easy task, how can our Agriculture sector step up to this challenge.


The only solution of this problem is “Climate Smart Agriculture”.


Concept of Climate Smart Agriculture:


Climate Smart Agriculture is not a new technique; it is an approach to identify production


systems that can best respond to the impact of climate change and to adjust these systems to suit


local environmental conditions now and in a future. This system can help transform agricultural


systems to support sustainable development and food security in a changing climate.


Climate Smart Agriculture integrates the three dimensions of sustainable development


(economic, social and environmental) by jointly addressing food security and climate challenges.


It is composed of three main pillars:


1-Sustainably increasing Agriculture productivity:


2- Adapting and building resilience to climate change:


3-Reducing and/or removing greenhouse gases emissions, where possible:


Farm of every type and every size can become climate smarter


FOR EXAMPLE; by identifying and promoting sustainable farming practices and tools using


inputs more efficiently and effectively to grow more from less and building markets where


farmers can excess what they need and sell any surplus what they have produced. Climate


change is a challenge to our food system but it also an opportunity to innovate and adapt;


EASY TO SAY HARDER TO DO


We must work together to become climate smarter and to support the necessary technical, policy


and investment solutions that our farmer needs.


Reality about Climate Smart Agriculture: we can make Climate Smart Agriculture reality,thses


are ingridients we need:


 Expand the evidence base; there is need to know the current and predictable impacts


of climate change and just have vulnerable the agriculture communities and


ecosystem varies out.


 Improve policies; people working in many different field of agriculture (climate


change, food security and land use need to collaborate). Work together on supported


polices and plans. Taking into account the entire landscape.


 Support and empower local institution; local institutions are needed to develop


capacities and motivate men and women farmer, in this they can adapt practices and


plan together the best way to do Climate Smart Agriculture.


 Combine financing options in a new way; we should bring together the financing


sources the target agriculture and climate change.


“Food security depends on how we treat our planet; lets make sure our agriculture is productive


and sustainable for generations to come


Conslusion:


Addressing food security and climate change challenges has to be done in an integrated way. To


increase food production and to reduce emission intensity, thus contributing to mitigate climate


change, food systems have to be more efficient in the use of resources. To ensure food security


and adapt to climate change they have to become more resilient. This has to happen globally,


worldwide and everywhere. Increased efficiency in one part of the world provides food and


income where it takes place but it also provides more food, globally and thus can provide food


elsewhere and reduce its cost, globally. With increased risks, increasing resilience of the


worldwide food system also means that efficiency and resilience have to be improved


everywhere, so as to spread risk. Therefore CSA is a dynamic approach that concerns all farmers,


all over the world. But developing countries are more at risk of food insecurity. They are more at


risk of climate change. They also have more potential for mitigation (and adaptation?), because


they have to increase their production more, and because there is an important efficiency gap. On


the other hand developing countries have less means, policies and institutions to address these


challenges. We need to address problems regarding climate change now before its too late by


adjusting our production system. Impacts of climate change mitigate by farmers through


intercropping, multiple cropping, companion planting and crop rotation.

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